October 2025 Br J Cardiol 2025;32(4) doi:10.5837/bjc.2025.047 Online First
Daniel St. Ange-Meese, Christopher Monkhouse, Julian O M Ormerod
Introduction Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a significant complication following cardiac surgery, affecting up to 55% of patients.1 POAF typically manifests within six days post-surgery and is associated with severe outcomes, including stroke, thromboembolism, and cardiac arrest. Patients experiencing POAF face a two-fold increase in mortality risk and a prolonged hospital stay of 3.7 additional days on average.1,2 The mechanisms of POAF remain incompletely understood, but likely involve postoperative inflammation, sympathetic activation, and cardiac ischaemia, combined with pre-existing conditions, such as hypertension and atria
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