Introduction
Each year over 50,000 cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) procedures are undertaken in the UK.1 Despite prophylactic measures, device infection, one of the more severe complications, still occurs. This complication is associated with hospital admissions, increased mortality and cost.2-4 The majority of infections are caused by Staphylococcus spp. (60–80%) with the remainder predominantly caused by other Gram-positive cocci, Gram-negative bacilli and candida spp.5,6 Retrospective analysis of over 200,000 implantable cardioverter defibrillator procedures showed increased infection risk to be associated with generator cha
