May 2009 Br J Cardiol 2009;16:137–40
Olga Gillane, Michael Pollard
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January 2008 Br J Cardiol 2008;15:35-9
Kiran CR Patel, Jennifer Prince, Seema Mirza, Lucy Edmonds, Rachel Duncan, Joanna Parry, Sally Jerome, John Wozniak, Nic Anfilogoff, Michael Frenneaux, Michael K Davies
Introduction Heart failure (HF) is common and is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. Forty per cent of patients with symptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) die within a year of diagnosis and 10% per annum thereafter, giving a five-year mortality rate of up to 70%.1 Estimates of the prevalence of symptomatic HF in the general European population range from 0.4–2%,2-4 with half of these patients suffering from LVSD and half from left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD).3,5 HF consumes nearly 2% of National Health Service (NHS) resources (a figure which will inevitably increase with the advent of relatively e
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