Correction of anaemia is, therefore, an appealing strategy. Whilst erythropoietin levels may be elevated in CHF, they are often lower than expected when considering the haemoglobin concentration, indicating a relative deficiency. Similarly, iron metabolism is frequently disturbed, with many patients experiencing either an absolute or functional deficiency. Chronic iron deficiency may contribute to breathlessness and reduced exercise capacity, the hallmarks of symptomatic CHF.
This supplement aims to increase awareness of anaemia in CHF and also to provide an overview of recent studies of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) and of intrav