Introduction
Professor Wolfgang Mastnak
In 2009, Willmer and Waite1 published a study on the effectiveness of phase 4 cardiac rehabilitation (CR), suggesting that there are observable benefits in participating in long-term phase 4 CR. Those who decline phase 4 CR clearly do less well. In Austria, the Austrian Heart Association (Österreichischer Herzverband/ÖHV) is in charge of long-term CR management providing a nationwide network of heart support groups.
Long-term management in CR: International heterogeneity
Cardiac prevention, acute cardiology, and CR are interacting disciplines. Historically speaking, it took decades to establish cardia