October 2015 Br J Cardiol 2015;22:147–54 doi:10.5837/bjc.2015.034 Online First
Beth L Nordstrom, Jenna M Collins, Robert Donaldson, William A Engelman, Antje Tockhorn, Yajun Zhu, Zhenxiang Zhao
Introduction Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), including peripheral arterial disease (PAD), coronary artery disease (CAD), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and cerebrovascular disease (CeVAD), together account for approximately half of the morbidity and mortality in the adult population of Europe aged 50 years and older.1,2 The 2012 Coronary Heart Disease Statistics from the British Heart Foundation reported nearly 180,000 deaths in the UK from cardiovascular disease (CVD), 292 million prescriptions for CVD treatments, and over 87,000 percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) during a one-year span.3 In addition, diabetes mellitu
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