February 2021 Br J Cardiol 2021;28(suppl 1):S3–S6 doi:10.5837/bjc.2021.s01
Mohamed Eltayeb, Vishnu Ashok, Iain Squire
Pathophysiology Anaemia is a common comorbidity in heart failure (HF) and is strongly associated with disease severity, prognosis and mortality.1 The pathophysiology behind the high prevalence of anaemia in HF, and its association with adverse outcomes, is complex and multi-factorial.2 Some of the key factors involved include renal impairment, chronic inflammation, medications and haematinic deficiency, in particular iron deficiency (ID).3 ID is typically defined as a serum ferritin level <30 µg/L and transferrin saturation <20%.4 ID has better predictive value in identifying risk of long-term unfavourable outcomes in patients with chr
August 2012 Br J Cardiol 2012;19:122–3 doi:10.5837/bjc.2012.020
A consensus position statement. A John Camm, Chris Arden, Anna-Maria Choy, Riyaz A Kaba, David Keane, Khalid Khan, Ernest Lau, Gregory Y H Lip, Francis Murgatroyd, G Andre Ng, Nicholas Peters, Henry Purcell, Peter Stafford, Neil Sulke, Helen Williams
Introduction Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) can benefit from rhythm management to improve unpleasant symptoms or increase exercise capacity,1 making anti-arrhythmic drugs (AADs) an important option in the management of AF. The benefits of any AAD must be weighed against the risks of adverse effects, which in some cases are serious. Defined indications for the use of AADs have been developed by regulatory bodies such as the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which, in addition to guidelines from groups such as the UK National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and the European So
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