Tag Archives: tumour

Case 1 A 49-year-old woman with an unremarkable past medical history presented to her local hospital with irregular palpitations and two syncopal episodes. On both occasions she had regained consciousness without any neurological features, neither as prodrome nor in recovery. Examination revealed a diastolic murmur. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and chest X-ray were normal. A transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) revealed a 2–3 cm mass in a non-dilated left atrium. Her transoesophageal echocardiogram showed the mass to be located close to the right, lower pulmonary vein but suggested the point of attachment to be the posterior wall rather than the a

Effect of VEGF on the vasculature Figure 1. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) stimulation of endothelial cells has a number of effects, primarily protective VEGF plays a primarily protective role in the vasculature (figure 1).2 It is known that VEGF stimulation of the endothelium has an antithrombotic effect. It stimulates endothelial cells to proliferate and migrate, which is crucial for the renewal of the endothelium. VEGF also has an anti-apoptotic effect, allowing endothelial cells to survive for longer periods of time. VEGF stimulation of endothelial cells is involved in the induction and release of nitric oxide and prostacyclin,