November 2019 Br J Cardiol 2019;26:133–6 doi:10.5837/bjc.2019.040
Bruce McLintock, James Reid, Eileen Capek, Lesley Anderton, Lara Mitchell
Introduction Syncope is defined as a transient loss of consciousness (TLoC) secondary to cerebral hypoperfusion, associated with loss of tone and spontaneous recovery.1 It has a lifetime prevalence of 20%,2 and an incidence of 0.80–0.93 per 1,000 person-years, which occurs in a roughly bimodal pattern, with an initial peak in early adulthood followed by a further more pronounced peak in older age.3 Syncope is merely one form of TLoC. Other causes of TLoC include seizures, sleep disturbance, accidental falls and some psychiatric disorders. Syncope itself can be grouped into four major categories: reflex syncope (vasovagal and situational), o
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