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November 2026 Br J Cardiol 2026;33(4) doi:10.5837/bjc.2026.054 Online First

Carcinoid heart disease: a cause of right heart failure

James Hickson, Wen Hui Tei, Uditha Hewarathna, Mark Hayes

Abstract

Introduction Carcinoid heart disease (CHD) represents a rare yet important aetiology of intrinsic tricuspid and pulmonary valve pathology, associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to right heart failure. With timely medical therapy and, when indicated, surgical intervention, substantial improvements in both quality of life and long-term survival can be achieved. Notably, clinical manifestations indicative of cardiac involvement often remain subtle until CHD reaches an advanced stage. The cardiac manifestations stem from the paraneoplastic effects elicited by vasoactive substances, notably 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT or serotonin)

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